Wakefulness: An eye-opening perspective on orexin neurons
نویسنده
چکیده
Orexin-containing neurons regulate wakefulness, and loss of orexin produces narcolepsy. Recent studies of mice lacking orexin neurons have shown that these cells also play essential roles in the control of feeding and energy balance.
منابع مشابه
Pharmacogenetic Modulation of Orexin Neurons Alters Sleep/Wakefulness States in Mice
Hypothalamic neurons expressing neuropeptide orexins are critically involved in the control of sleep and wakefulness. Although the activity of orexin neurons is thought to be influenced by various neuronal input as well as humoral factors, the direct consequences of changes in the activity of these neurons in an intact animal are largely unknown. We therefore examined the effects of orexin neur...
متن کاملFos expression in orexin neurons varies with behavioral state.
The neuropeptide orexin (also known as hypocretin) is hypothesized to play a critical role in the regulation of sleep-wake behavior. Lack of orexin produces narcolepsy, which is characterized by poor maintenance of wakefulness and intrusions of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep or REM sleep-like phenomena into wakefulness. Orexin neurons heavily innervate many aminergic nuclei that promote wakeful...
متن کاملTo eat or to sleep? Orexin in the regulation of feeding and wakefulness.
Orexin-A and orexin-B are neuropeptides originally identified as endogenous ligands for two orphan G-protein-coupled receptors. Orexin neuropeptides (also known as hypocretins) are produced by a small group of neurons in the lateral hypothalamic and perifornical areas, a region classically implicated in the control of mammalian feeding behavior. Orexin neurons project throughout the central ner...
متن کاملOrexin Neurons Receive Glycinergic Innervations
Glycine, a nonessential amino-acid that acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, is currently used as a dietary supplement to improve the quality of sleep, but its mechanism of action is poorly understood. We confirmed the effects of glycine on sleep/wakefulness behavior in mice when administered peripherally. Glycine administration increased non-rapid eye movement ...
متن کاملOrexin peptides prevent cataplexy and improve wakefulness in an orexin neuron-ablated model of narcolepsy in mice.
Narcolepsy-cataplexy is a neurological disorder associated with the inability to maintain wakefulness and abnormal intrusions of rapid eye movement sleep-related phenomena into wakefulness such as cataplexy. The vast majority of narcoleptic-cataplectic individuals have low or undetectable levels of orexin (hypocretin) neuropeptides in the cerebrospinal fluid, likely due to specific loss of the ...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Current Biology
دوره 11 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2001